Backstugusittare
Historical Swedish demographic term
A backstugusittare (lit.&#;'hill cottage sitter') is a historical term of a certain category of the country side population in the history of Sweden. It referred to the inhabitants of a backstuga (hill cottage), who lived on common land or the land of someone else and did not engage in any farming.
In contrast to the somewhat similar torpare, backstugusittare did not use any land and lived on the charity of the landowner or, if they lived on common land, on the charity of the village. They may grow some potatoes for their own use and have some smaller animals but normally only enough to eat themselves. That category of people were normally among the very poorest of the village community and supported themselves on odd jobs, some handicrafts and charity.
The phenomenon is confirmed from the early 17th-century. After the land reform of , during which the farmers moved out from the villages and occupied land previously left for the torpare, the category grew larger, as the torpare were often given no other choice than to become backstugusittare. However, during the 19th-century, it also became more common for successful
Backstuga
- Backstuga kan också, i södra och västra Sverige, beteckna en jordstuga.
En backstuga är en liten enkel stuga belägen på annans mark, bebodd av personer, backstugusittare, utan eget jordbruk, som exempelvis åldringar eller hantverkare.
Ordet backstuga syftar på att den är belägen på obrukbar mark och utan tillhörande åkermark("på bar backe"). Ofta låg dessa stugor på stenig mark som inte dög att bruka, inte sällan i en skogsbacke, ibland på en allmänning. Själva byggnaden kunde ägas av innehavaren, men den stod på mark som ägdes av någon annan.[1] Därmed var backstugan inte skattelagd, och i motsats till torpen ofta upplåtna utan dagsverkesskyldighet. Boendeytan kunde vara knapp, kring 15&#;m² —&#;ibland större för exempelvis skräddare eller skomakare med familj.
Ett mindre stycke jord, lämplig för till exempel ett potatisland, hörde ofta till backstugan.[2]
Begreppet är känt sedan början av talet, men först från talets början redovisades backstugusittare separat från torpare. års ståndsstatistik säger drygt 28&#; arbetsföra manliga backstugusittare. Vid talets mitt 45&#;, och år redovisas 50&#;[1][3]
Därutöver beboddes backstugor ofta av gam
Backstuga
A backstuga (literally "slope cottage" or "freeground cottage") is a Swedish language judicial term, previously used in Finland and Sweden, for a kind of rural cottage.
The basic criterion is that the small building on someone else's property, often public land, is a finite right that cannot be sold. Unlike pure squatterslums, there was usually some form of legal contract on a backstuga. A small piece of land, suitable for, for example, a potato field, often belonged to the backstuga. [1]
The term has been known since the beginning of the 17th century, but it was only from the beginning of the 19th century that backstugusittare were reported separately from crofters. The estate statistics of say just over 28&#; backstugor, while in the middle of the 19th century 45&#;, and in 50&#; are reported and down to 22&#;[2][3]
Backstugas were often inhabited by old, decrepit people and could, for example, be assigned to exceptions contracts, retired faithful servants, or the parish's poor boys instead of for the poorhouse. Exceptions contract is a contractual right for the seller to retain for the remainder of his life the usufru
Dalgångsstugan
Backstuga used to refer to a simple hut, inhabited by people who did not own the land on which their home stood. The prefix "Back" comes from "på bar backe", which meant "penniless". These huts were located generally on agriculturally completely unusable soils and were often the only way for the poor to have a roof over his head.
The Dalgångsstuga in Konga is a very well-preserved variant of a Backstuga, which was partially built into a hill. With this type of construction almost half of the building material was saved, because the excavated slope formed the back wall of the cabin, as well as parts of the gable walls.
This house was built in by a worker who had moved here with his wife and three children after finding work at the nearby ironworks. He solved the housing problem with a bunch of field stones, a few tree trunks and a pair of strong arms. There was a door, two windows, a clay floor and the family home was ready to move in.
The Dalgångsstuga was inhabited until and was given to the heritage association Södra Sandsjö in The association, which also runs the homestead Södra Sandsjö Hembygdsgård in Dångebo, restored the cabin to its original state. The
.